◎魏國金
A black civil rights leader who led a struggle against anti-black segregation and racism in Canada in the 1940s will be the first Canadian woman to figure on a banknote.
一名在1940年代領導加拿大反黑人種族隔離與種族主義的黑人民權領袖，將成為加國首位印在紙鈔上的女性人物。
Viola Desmond will appear on the Canadian $10 bill -replacing the nation’s first prime minister John A Macdonald who will be moved to a higher bill - when new banknotes go into circulation in 2018.
薇奧拉．戴斯蒙將出現在10元紙鈔上，取代加國首位總理麥唐納，他將被移印至較高面額的紙鈔上。新紙鈔將於2018年發行。
A successful businesswoman from a middle-class family, Desmond is best known for refusing to give up her seat in the "whites only" section of a cinema in Canada’s eastern province of Nova Scotia in 1946.
戴斯蒙是中產階級家庭出身的成功女企業家，她最為人所知的事跡，是1946年在加國東部新斯科舍省一家電影院裡，拒絕讓出她在「白人專區」的座位。
She was eventually dragged out of the segregated cinema by police, arrested, held in prison overnight, and forced to pay a fine, all for refusing to move to the upstairs balcony reserved for black people.
她最後被警察拖出這家實施種族隔離的戲院，被逮捕並在監獄過了一夜，還被迫繳納罰款，一切都是因為拒絕移駕至保留給黑人的樓上座區。
She was criminally charged with not paying a small tax that would apply on a downstairs ticket. But instead of letting the matter rest, Desmond decided to fight her conviction in court.
她因為沒有支付對樓下票徵收的微稅而遭刑事起訴。但戴斯蒙不願息事寧人，決定在法院裡爭取平反。
Her case was the first legal challenge by a black woman against segregation laws in Canada.
她的訴訟是加拿大第一起由黑人女性對種族隔離法提出的法律挑戰。
Desmond, who died in 1965, is often compared to Rosa Parks - the civil rights leader who refused to give up her seat at the front of the bus in Montgomery, Alabama, in 1955.
1965年辭世的戴斯蒙常被拿來與蘿莎．帕克斯相提並論，這位民權領袖1955年在美國阿拉巴馬州蒙哥馬利市的一輛巴士內，拒絕讓出她的前排座位而知名。
新聞辭典
segregation：隔離、種族隔離。例句：Segregation are fuelling inequality in some areas of Britain.（族群隔離助長了英國部分地區的不平等。）
go into circulation：發行、流通。例句：Venezuela’s new currency will go into circulation on Dec. 15.（委內瑞拉將於12月15日發行新貨幣。）
conviction：定罪、說服、確信。例句：The story of her sufferings would carry conviction to anyone who heard it.（任何聽聞她苦難的人都會相信。）
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