◎孫宇青
Every citizen in France has automatically become an organ donor unless they decide to opt out, due to a significant change in the law.
在一項重大法律變革頒布後，每個法國公民均自動成為器官捐贈者，除非自行選擇退出。
The new rules, which came into effect on 1 January, sees France’s policy align with a number of European countries such as Spain and Austria, where "presumed consent" means anyone can become a donor of organs when they die unless they specifically choose not to.
這項自1月1日起生效的法令，使法國在該政策上與西班牙、奧地利等其他歐洲國家站在同一陣線。在上述國家，「推定同意」制度意指，每個人死後都是器官捐贈者，除非他們明確選擇不要。
In France, people will now need to sign up to a national register to ensure they do not become organ donors, which medical teams will check at the time of death before considering organ removal. A total of 150,000 people have already signed up to the register, according to the Guardian.
法國民眾必須在全國性的註冊系統登記，確認他們不打算成為器官捐贈者，醫療團隊即可在每個人的生命結束前，知悉需不需要移除器官。據《衛報》報導，已有15萬人在該系統上登記。
If it is not possible to sign up to the register, people can also sign and date a written refusal and leave it with a relative, or make an oral testimony to a relative who will then need to attest this wish to a medical team.
倘若無法在系統上登記，民眾也可以寫下拒絕書，並在上面簽名、標註日期，再把它交給親屬，或直接向親屬口頭確認，而親屬就必須向醫療團隊傳達此意願。
新聞辭典
opt out：動詞片語，退出。例句：Introverted people tend to opt out of social activities.（內向者傾向不參加社交活動。）
align：動詞，使…結盟。例句：The government must align themselves with the workers.（政府必須站在勞工這邊。）
date：動詞，標註日期。例句：The boss never dates his notice.（老闆從不在通知上註明日期。）
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